|
|
Diversity and function of pattern structures in the microworld
Hirnerová, Anna ; Škaloud, Pavel (advisor) ; Němcová, Yvonne (referee)
This thesis summarizes current knowledge of patterns and structures at various scales, with an emphasis on the use of these patterns in the microworld and also on the materials that are most often used. Patterns are applied in all areas of natural processes and human activity. There are many analogous models at different scales, but we do not know if they have the same self-organizing mechanisms. Many patterns formed by microorganisms can be prepared without their presence, on the basis of physical and chemical methods, so they are probably created under certain parameters that can be influenced by a given protist. These patterns are evolutionarily advantageous for microorganisms, because they provide them with a number of functional adaptations, mainly in connection with defense against predators and movement in the water column, which is based on the organism's life strategy. The mathematical description of the pattern is extremely important for its further research and for determining the laws that have allowed the organism to benefit from its parameters. Keywords: pattern, structure, convection, reaction - diffusion model, geometry, protist, microorganism, skeletons, shells, scales
|
|
|
Bird and Mammal Taxidermy
Tuzová, Lucie ; Řezníček, Jan (advisor) ; Štěpán, Jiří (referee)
This thesis deals with the preparation of dermoplastic materials of birds and mammals. They are described in detail specific methods of preparation from the collection of material to its final treatment. The first section summarizes the theoretical knowledge concerning preparation of dermoplastic models and osteological material. The second part is dedicated to knowledge survey of high school and primary school students concerning recognition of birds and mammals dermoplastic models. The results are processed by descriptive statistics. Keywords: taxidermy, dermoplastic models and osteological material, skulls, teeth, birds, mammals.
|
|
|
Evolution of silica structures in SAR protists
Čížková, Natálie ; Čertnerová, Dora (advisor) ; Kulichová, Jana (referee)
Silicon is an important element in the earth's crust. In nature it mainly occurs in the form of silicic acid. This element is used by marine and freshwater organisms to form their siliceous structures. The organisms that make up these structures are located throughout the phylogenetic tree and are not limited just to protist groups. The SAR line includes Stramenopila, Alveolata and Rhizaria. The main protist taxa forming the mentioned siliceous structures are in these groups. These are mainly diatoms, silicoflagellates, radiolarians and the group chrysophyceae. The formation of siliceous structures usually provides evolutionary benefits to organisms, such as protection of the cell from actions of biotic and abiotic factors. The availability of dissolved silicon changed during evolution, thus affecting the appearance and functionality of the structures of individual species. Structural changes were manifested by thinning of the shells, change of cell size, enlargement or decrease of pores, increase of the number of thorns or, conversely, their loss. The individual lines thus had to choose the best possible strategies in response to the decreasing availability of silicic acid. Therefore, there was frequent competition between the groups for the remaining dissolved silicon. The current diversity of...
|
|
|
Taxidermy and skeletal mounts in the vertebrates
Zámečníková, Nikola ; Řezníček, Jan (advisor) ; Tuzová, Lucie (referee)
This final thesis represents a complete guide to making didactic aids which can be used in teaching Biology in primary and secondary schools. It completes my bachelor thesis on the topic of the Taxidermy of selected species of birds with detailed photographs of individual steps made throughout the creation process of a dermoplastic mount. It also compares the creation of bird mounts to those of mammal mounts, and it deals with making skeletons of vertebrates. This final thesis acquaints the reader with the taxidermic species, and includes research of foreign literature focussing on interesting facts about mounts. The final output of this thesis is a series of mounts and assembled skeletons of different species of vertebrates, which can all be used as didactic aids at the Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Education, Charles University. KEY WORDS taxidermy, skeletons, vertebrates, didactic aids, dermoplastic mount
|
|
|
Souvislost a resilience grafů
Novotná, Jitka ; Pangrác, Ondřej (advisor) ; Šámal, Robert (referee)
A graph is k-resilient if it is possible to construct local routing tables for each vertex such that we can reach a specified destination vertex from anywhere in the graph. There is a conjecture that k-resilience is equivalent to (k+1)-connectivity. We prove this for 3-edge-connected graphs and 4-edge-connected planar triangulations. In the proof we use independent directed spanning trees. Two spanning trees are independent if they share no common edge with the same direction. For k=3,4 we show that a graph has k independent spanning trees if and only if it is k-edge-connected. We search for the spanning trees constructively through reductions of parts of the graph. Some of these reductions can also be used in a general k- connected case. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Bird and Mammal Taxidermy
Tuzová, Lucie ; Řezníček, Jan (advisor) ; Štěpán, Jiří (referee)
This thesis deals with the preparation of dermoplastic materials of birds and mammals. They are described in detail specific methods of preparation from the collection of material to its final treatment. The first section summarizes the theoretical knowledge concerning preparation of dermoplastic models and osteological material. The second part is dedicated to knowledge survey of high school and primary school students concerning recognition of birds and mammals dermoplastic models. The results are processed by descriptive statistics. Keywords: taxidermy, dermoplastic models and osteological material, skulls, teeth, birds, mammals.
|
guest ::
